Successful mediators need to explore and understand the emotions and motivations of each party. The best way to achieve such understanding is to engage in “einfuhlung,” the act of entering a work of art or literature and feeling the emotions expressed by artist through the work of art. Think of the conflict as a story or novel and try to view the parties as complex characters.
This excellent article by Karla McLaren explores the concept of einfuhlung as a critical part of developing a better awareness of the emotional experience of others. http://karlamclaren.com/einfuhlung-and-empathy/
Mediators should be inspired by “einfuhlung” and explore the dynamics of a conflict as if looking at a painting or watching a drama unfold. By asking “what are the parties experiencing” and “why are the parties acting in a certain way,” in the same way one would consider the actions of characters in a novel, mediators can deepen their understanding of the parties in a way that may lead towards more satisfying, permanent resolutions.